One neuropsychological test commonly used as an embedded measure of malingering is Digit Span. Embedded measures of malingering (i.e., patterns of performance on traditional neuropsychological measures that are not consistent with neurological injury) may be more robust to coaching, although they may also be less sensitive to malingering ( Gutheil, 2003 Suhr & Gunstad, 2007). Although there are many well-validated standalone measures of malingering ( Bauer & McCaffrey, 2006 Grote & Hook, 2007), access to information about such measures is readily available, making them potentially vulnerable to coaching ( Bauer & McCaffrey, 2006 Lees-Haley, 1997 Ruiz, Drake, Glass, Marcotte, & van Gorp, 2002 Wetter & Corrigan, 1995). Malingering of cognitive impairment remains a primary concern for neuropsychological researchers and practitioners alike, given the high base rates of probable malingering, especially in mild head injury ( Bender & Rogers, 2002 Larrabee, 2007 Mittenberg, Patton, Canyock, & Condit, 2002). Head injury, Malingering, Assessment Introduction Two potential alternative RDS scores were introduced, which showed better sensitivity than the traditional RDS, while retaining specificity to malingering. Patterns of RDS length using all three subscales of the new scale were different in malingerers when compared with both head-injured and non-head-injured controls. Previously established cutoffs for the age-corrected scaled score and Reliable Digit Span (RDS) performed similarly in the present samples. Undergraduates with a history of mild head injury performed with best effort or simulated impaired cognition and were also compared with a large sample of non-head-injured controls. Using a simulated malingerer design, we examined the predictive accuracy of existing Digit Span validity indices and explored whether patterns of performance utilizing the new version would provide additional evidence for malingering. However, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV ( Wechsler, 2008) altered Digit Span in meaningful ways, necessitating another look at Digit Span as an embedded measure of malingering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.Prior research shows that Digit Span is a useful embedded measure of malingering. Investigation of the factor structure of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV): Exploratory and higher order factor analyses. Independent examination of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV): What does the WAIS-IV measure? Psychological Assessment, 22(1), 121-130.Ĭanivez, G. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale®, Fourth Edition (WAIS®-IV) is a proprietary instrument and can be obtained through:īenson, N., Hulac, D., & Kranzler, J. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale?, Digit Span subtest, Fourth Edition (WAIS?-IV) Sourceĭavid Wechsler. Spatial Reasoning - Adolescents and Adults.Motor and Attentional Impulsivity (Immediate and Delayed Memory Task).Intelligence Scale - Birth to 3.5 years.Intelligence Scale - 6 to 16 years 11 months.Intelligence Scale - 2 years, 6 months to 7 years, 7 months.Inhibitory Control (Stop Signal Paradigm).Global Mental Status Screener - Older Children and Adolescents.Executive Function - Questionnaire - Preschool Children.Executive Function - Questionnaire - Children.Executive Function - Questionnaire - Adult.Executive Function - Direct Assessment - Adult.Executive Function - Direct Assessment - Adolescent.Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task) - Child.Decision Making (Iowa Gambling Task) - Adult.Cognitive Flexibility (Dimensional Change Card Sort) - Young Children.Cognitive Flexibility (Dimensional Change Card Sort) - Children, Adolescents, and Adults.
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